How to use Python variables in Google Colab terminal command?

Question 1

I have a cell with this content:

import os
os.mkdir('123')
name = '123'
!rm -r name

I want to pass the value of the variable name to the last line. How can I do this?

Question 2

Try $. It will substitute the python variable.

!rm -r $name

You may need to use $name\.txt or {name}.txt in some cases.

Question